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ਭਾਜਪਾ ਕਾਰਪੋਰੇਟਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਨਿਯੰਤਰਿਤ ਪਾਰਟੀ ਹੈ। ਕਿਸਾਨ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਆਰਡੀਨੈਂਸ ਨਿਯਮ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਕੋਵਿਡ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਲਿਆਂਦੇ ਗਏ ਤਿੰਨ ਕਾਲੇ ਖੇਤੀ ਕਾਨੂੰਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਰੱਦ ਕਰਨ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਹੁਣ ਭਾਜਪਾ ਨਵੀਂ ਮਾਰਕੀਟਿੰਗ ਨੀਤੀ ਦੀ ਆੜ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੀਆਂ ਮੰਡੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਅਡਾਨੀ ਨੂੰ ਸੌਂਪਣ ਦੀ ਯੋਜਨਾ ਬਣਾ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ “ਖੇਤੀਬਾੜੀ ਮੰਡੀਕਰਨ ‘ਤੇ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਨੀਤੀ ਫਰੇਮਵਰਕ” ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
ਇੱਥੇ ਅਸੀ ਇਸ ਚਾਰਟ ਤਿਆਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਸ ਸਬੰਧੀ ਤੌਖਲੇ ਤੇ ਸੰਭਾਵੀ ਫ਼ਾਇਦਾ ਕਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹੋਵੇਗਾ, ਦਾ ਸੰਖੇਪ ਵੇਰਵਾ ਦਰਜ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ। ਕਿਸਾਨ ਜਥੇਬੰਦੀਆਂ, ਕਾਰਕੁੰਨਾਂ ਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਸੁਹਿਰਦ ਸੱਜਣਾਂ ਲਈ ਇਹ ਸਾਰੇ ਜਾਲ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝਾਉਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਹਾਈ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ।
7.1.3.1 Allowing setting up of private wholesale markets: Private markets are required to create competition among them and with other channels of marketing including APMC markets .Establishing private markets improves farmers-market linkages. As a fulcrum , private markets would enhance the farmers’ net income. Though majority of states have made enabling provision for setting up of private wholesale markets, yet private markets have come up in few states only like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh . It is observed that 15 states have either not framed rules under the Act or have not provided an attractive business model for private entrepreneurs.
7.1.3.2 Permitting wholesale direct purchase by processors, exporters, organised retailers, bulk buyers from farm -gate ( Direct marketing): Through this reform induced marketing channel, buyers can reach closer to the farm gates/ villages of the farmers. In direct marketing, supply chain is squeezed and buyers directly buy the produce from framers, though the different forms of direct marketing are in practice. This reform, if actualised on the ground, enhances farmers’ share in consumers’ price and reduces supply chain losses. For this reform also, majority of states have made provision in their APMC Acts and it is happening also in the field but not at the required scale.
7.1.3.3 Declaring warehouses/silos /cold storages as deemed market –yard: This reform has multiple benefits and may prove instrumental in making the agricultural marketing remunerative. If the reform is truly actualised and translated on the ground, it would develop such a market ecosystem wherein market accessibility would be better than what is ideally recommended in NCF, Report ,2006 and habit of storing the surplus produce in warehouses among the farmers will be inculcated, which would additionally benefit through addressing distress sale and availing pledge finance. Further, to develop a landscape for a competitive online marketing in the country, this reform is of paramount importance. Though, enabling provision for this reform is made in majority of states but rules are notified in few like Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh . Enabling provisions also need to be made in true spirits together with formulation of a non-restrictive , business oriented rules , which should be uniform across the states as far as possible.
8.1.1.7 Rationalisation of market fees and commission charges Levy and collection of market fees is a major source of income of APMCs and State Agricultural Marketing Boards , which is required for meeting out the expenditure related to establishment , administration, investment in development of marketing and axillary infrastructures/ facilities and other miscellaneous needs. The market fee varies with the state and commodity, which is presently in the range of 0.5% to 3% ad valorem. Therefore, State Agricultural Marketing Departments/Boards should continue to encourage APMCs to improve their income not by exorbitantly imposing the market fee and other fee/cess in various names but by increasing trade volumes and throughput of agricultural commodities , notifying the potential new agricultural produce, providing better infrastructure and 22 marketing facilities. Income of APMCs should also be improved by blocking all possible leakages and entering into the new areas of services of the agri.value chain.
